Emergency Assistance

Call emergency services (102) immediately — do not wait.

Have the person sit or lie down in a comfortable position.

Loosen tight clothing around the neck and chest.

If prescribed, help them take nitroglycerin.

Give aspirin (325mg) to chew if not allergic.

Begin CPR if the person becomes unresponsive and stops breathing.

Face — Ask to smile. Does one side droop?

Arms — Ask to raise both arms. Does one drift down?

Speech — Ask to repeat a phrase. Is speech slurred or strange?

Time — If ANY of these, call 102 immediately. Note the time symptoms started.

Do NOT give food, water, or medication. Keep them calm and still.

Ask "Are you choking?" — if they cannot speak or cough, act immediately.

Stand behind the person and wrap your arms around their waist.

Make a fist and place it just above the navel, below the breastbone.

Grasp your fist with the other hand and give quick upward thrusts.

Repeat until the object is expelled or the person loses consciousness.

If unconscious, begin CPR and call 102.

Call emergency services immediately.

Wear gloves if available. Remove clothing to expose the wound.

Apply firm, direct pressure with a clean cloth or bandage.

If blood soaks through, add more cloth on top — do NOT remove the first layer.

Elevate the injured area above heart level if possible.

Keep the person warm and calm until help arrives.

Identify and remove the allergen if possible (food, insect, medication).

For mild reactions: take an antihistamine (e.g. cetirizine or diphenhydramine).

Apply cool compress to itchy or swollen skin areas.

For severe reaction (anaphylaxis): use epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) if available.

Call 102 immediately if breathing difficulty, throat swelling, or loss of consciousness occurs.

Lay the person flat with legs elevated unless breathing is difficult — then sit them upright.

Remove the person from the source of heat immediately.

Cool the burn with cool (not cold) running water for 10–20 minutes.

Remove jewelry or tight items near the burn before swelling starts.

Do NOT apply butter, toothpaste, or ice — these worsen burns.

Cover loosely with a sterile, non-stick dressing or clean cloth.

Seek medical help for burns larger than 3 inches or on face/hands/joints.